https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:9640 cobiss:190049033 ISBN: 978-86-6022-770-8 Novi Sad : Fakultet tehničkih nauka info:eu-repo/semantics/article All rights reserved Bingulac, Nenad Krstinić, Dalibor Logarušić, Dejan Šipovac, Vladimir Panić Miletić, Livija Nuklearna forenzika kao savremeni izazov kriminalistike i bezbednosti Nuclear forensics as a modern challenge of criminalistics and security Trend volume: 32 startpage: 253 endpage: 256 application/pdf 597208 bytes Keywords: nuclear forensics, criminal science, security, ecology 2026 srp Kratak sadržaj: Nuklearna energija predstavlja jedan od najznačajnijih izvora savremene energetske stabilnosti sa učešćem od 9% na globalnom nivou, ali istovremeno i oblast povećanog bezbednosnog rizika. Bezbednosni rizici se mogu posmatrati kroz potencijalne posledice neovlašćene upotrebe, zloupotrebe ili ilegalnog prometa nuklearnih i radioaktivnih materijala. U takvom kontekstu, tradicionalni modeli bezbednosti i prevencije postaju nedovoljni, što nameće potrebu za razvojem novih, naučno utemeljenih pristupa u prevenciji i otkrivanju protivpravnih radnji. Jedan od najznačajnijih odgovora na ove izazove predstavlja razvoj nuklearne forenzike kao savremene interdisciplinarne nauke koja bi involvirala zanja iz nuklearnih nauka, kriminalistike i bezbednosnih studija. U ovom istraživanju razmotriće se pitanje nuklearne forenzike koja predstavlja savremenu potrebu kriminalistike, budući da korespondira sa klasičnim kriminalističkim metodama prikupljanja, analize i vrednovanja dokaza. Za razliku od tradicionalne forenzike, koja se oslanja na biološke, hemijske ili fizičke tragove, nuklearna forenzika omogućava identifikaciju porekla, načina proizvodnje i kretanja nuklearnih i radioaktivnih materijala, čime se otvaraju nove mogućnosti u slučajevima nuklearnog kriminaliteta i terorizma. Poseban akcenat u radu stavljen je na bezbednosni značaj nuklearne forenzike u kontekstu savremenih pretnji, kao što su ilegalna trgovina radioaktivnim materijalima, sabotaža nuklearnih postrojenja i takozvana „unutrašnja pretnja“ (insider threat). Analizira se uloga naučnih istraživanja i međunarodne saradnje u razvoju forenzičkih metoda, standarda i baza podataka, kao i njihov doprinos jačanju nacionalnih i međunarodnih sistema nuklearne bezbednosti. U istraživanju će se takođe načiniti osvrt na normativne i institucionalne izazove primene nuklearne forenzike, uključujući pitanje njenog dokaznog značaja u krivičnom postupku, ograničenja dostupnosti podataka i odnos između potrebe za bezbednošću i zahteva za transparentnošću postupanja državnih organa. Nuklearna forenzika, kao proizvod savremenih naučnih istraživanja, predstavlja značajan segment kriminalistike i bezbednosti, ali da njena efikasna primena zahteva adekvatno normativno uređenje, institucionalnu koordinaciju i kontinuirano ulaganje u naučni razvoj. Abstract: Nuclear energy is one of the most important sources of modern energy stability with a share of 9% at the global level, but at the same time it is an area of increased security risk. Security risks can be viewed through the potential consequences of unauthorized use, misuse or illegal trafficking of nuclear and radioactive materials. In such a context, traditional models of security and prevention become insufficient, which imposes the need for the development of new, scientifically based approaches in the prevention and detection of illegal actions. One of the most significant responses to these challenges is the development of nuclear forensics as a modern interdisciplinary science that would involve students from nuclear sciences, criminology and security studies. In this research, the issue of nuclear forensics will be considered, which represents the modern need of criminalistics, since it corresponds to classic criminal methods of collecting, analyzing and evaluating evidence. Unlike traditional forensics, which relies on biological, chemical or physical traces, nuclear forensics enables the identification of the origin, method of production and movement of nuclear and radioactive materials, which opens up new possibilities in cases of nuclear crime and terrorism. Special emphasis in the paper is placed on the security importance of nuclear forensics in the context of modern threats, such as illegal trade in radioactive materials, sabotage of nuclear facilities and the so-called "insider threat". The role of scientific research and international cooperation in the development of forensic methods, standards and databases is analyzed, as well as their contribution to the strengthening of national and international nuclear safety systems. The research will also review the normative and institutional challenges of the application of nuclear forensics, including the question of its evidentiary significance in criminal proceedings, limitations of data availability and the relationship between the need for security and the requirement for transparency in the actions of state authorities. Nuclear forensics, as a product of modern scientific research, represents an important segment of criminalistics and security, but its effective application requires adequate normative regulation, institutional coordination and continuous investment in scientific development. Ključne reči: nuklearna forenzika, kriminalistika, bezbednost, ekologija