o:9633 The right of retention as a means of securing claims: structure, legal nature and comparative legal analysis with special reference to the theory and practice of the Republic of Serbia Pravo retencije kao sredstvo obezbeđenja potraživanja: struktura, pravna priroda i uporednopravna analiza sa posebnim osvrtom na teoriju i praksu R. Srbije en Abstract: The right of retention is a complex civil law institute that combines elements of real and obligation law, functioning at the same time as a real means of securing claims and a form of legally permissible selfprotection of the creditor. Although it is often applied in everyday legal transactions, this institute in domestic legal doctrine is still assessed as insufficiently normatively rounded, primarily due to fragmentary legislation and limited judicial practice. Such a situation opens up numerous controversial issues regarding its legal nature, scope and limits of application, as well as its relationship to related institutes. The aim of the paper is to systematically examine the concept of the right of retention, the conditions for its establishment, the way of exercising the right of retention, legal effects and the limits of the creditor's responsibility for damage caused to the retained thing, by applying a critical legal and normative analysis. In addition to the analysis of the domestic legal framework and court practice, the work also includes a comparative legal approach, through consideration of solutions developed in certain continental European legal systems, as well as in international and model sources of contract law. In this way, common tendencies are pointed out, but also differences in the normative design and functional understanding of the right of retention. The goal of the work is to offer theoretically grounded and practically applicable interpretations that can contribute to a clearer understanding of this institute and to the improvement of legal certainty in its application, while relying on the experiences of comparative law as a corrective and inspiration for possible normative additions to domestic legislation. Sažetak: Pravo retencije predstavlja složen građanskopravni institut koji objedinjuje elemente stvarnog i obligacionog prava, funkcionišući istovremeno kao realno sredstvo obezbeđenja potraživanja i oblik zakonski dopuštene samozaštite poverioca. Iako se često primenjuje u svakodnevnom pravnom prometu, ovaj institut u domaćoj pravnoj doktrini i dalje se ocenjuje kao nedovoljno normativno zaokružen, pre svega zbog fragmentarne zakonske regulative i ograničeno razvijene sudske prakse. Takvo stanje otvara brojna sporna pitanja u pogledu njegove pravne prirode, obima i granica primene, kao i odnosa prema srodnim institutima. Rad ima za cilj da, primenom kritičkopravne i normativne analize, sistematično ispita pojam prava retencije, uslove za njegovo zasnivanje, način vršenja prava zadržavanja, pravna dejstva i granice odgovornosti poverioca za štetu nastalu na zadržanoj stvari. Pored analize domaćeg pravnog okvira i sudske prakse, rad obuhvata i uporednopravni pristup, kroz razmatranje rešenja razvijenih u pojedinim kontinentalnoevropskim pravnim sistemima, kao i u međunarodnim i modelnim izvorima ugovornog prava. Na taj način se ukazuje na zajedničke tendencije, ali i na razlike u normativnom oblikovanju i funkcionalnom razumevanju prava retencije. Cilj rada je da ponudi teorijski utemeljena i praktično primenljiva tumačenja koja mogu doprineti jasnijem razumevanju ovog instituta i unapređenju pravne sigurnosti u njegovoj primeni, uz oslanjanje na iskustva uporednog prava kao korektiv i inspiraciju za moguće normativne dopune domaćeg zakonodavstva. Keywords: right of retention, right of retention, means of securing claims, self-protection of rights, comparative legal analysis Ključne reči: pravo retencije, pravo zadržavanja, sredstvo obezbeđenja potraživanja, samozaštita prava, uporednopravna analiza. 1552101 1820-4589 1552099 10.51738/kpolisa.2026.1r.tvnsmba 91552100 193724169 2026-05-26T11:19:45.914Z 44 yes 46 Tanja Varađanin University Business Academy, Novi Sad, Serb Faculty of Law for Commerce and Judiciary in Novi Sad 21229415 0000-0003-0070-3446 Nenad Stefanović University Business Academy, Novi Sad, Serbia Faculty of Economics and Engineering Management in Novi Sad person 21175655 0000-0002-7899-9585 Meida Bećirović-Alić University of Novi Pazar, Department of Law, Novi Pazar person 0000-0002-9738-6581 application/pdf 238913 https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:9633 no yes 16 70 1552253 211A01 Kultura polisa 23 1 96 111 2026