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    <ns1:title language="en">Health risk assessment of metal intake from fish species caught from the Danube River in Serbia</ns1:title>
    <ns1:language>en</ns1:language>
    <ns1:description language="en">The aim of the present study was to assess the potential health risks associated with the con- sumption of metals accumulated in fish meat of common carp, Wels catfish, and silver carp caught from 2010 to 2021 from the Danube River in Serbia. Therefore, estimation of daily intake rate (EDI), percentage of provisional tolerable weekly intake (% PTWI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TR) were calculated. Results of health risk assessments showed that the highest values of EDI were found for Hg in common carp, for As, Hg, and Pb in silver carp, while in Wels catfish the highest EDI was detected for Pb and Hg. In all three fish species, the highest % PTWI values were determined for Hg, while % PTWI for As, Cd, and Pb were lower than 5%. HIs higher than 1 were detected in common carp and Wels catfish during 2013 and in Wels catfish during 2010, indicating a potential for adverse non-carcinogenic health effects. In silver carp, HIs were lower than 1. The TR for As from 2010 to 2021 was regarded as acceptable, except in common carp during
2013, when it was defined as an unacceptable carcinogenic risk (higher than 10-4). The TR for Cr ranged from 10-6 to 10-4 in all three fish species, so was regarded as acceptable, while the TR for Pb was indicated as negligible (lower than 10-6).
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    <ns1:keyword language="en">Common carp, Wels catfish, Silver carp, Adverse health effect, Carcinogenic risk</ns1:keyword>
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      <ns2:identifier>10.18485/meattech.2025.66.3.15</ns2:identifier>
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        <ns3:firstname>Marija</ns3:firstname>
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        <ns3:firstname>Branislav</ns3:firstname>
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        <ns3:firstname>Milan Ž.</ns3:firstname>
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