o:8099 The Boundary Between Natural and Artificial: Challenges of Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technologies en The rapid development of neuroscience and emerging technologies is opening new horizons where the distinction between the natural and the artificial becomes increasingly blurred. In this context, projects like Neuralink raise fundamental questions about our identity, human consciousness, and the potential social transformations. The idea of a direct interface between the human brain and technological devices not only opens extraordinary possibilities for treating neurological diseases but also raises important ethical and moral dilemmas. The fusion between human and machine could lead to a redefinition of the human condition itself, altering our relationship with the body, knowledge, and society. While the prospect of "enhancing" human cognitive abilities may seem appealing, the need to cautiously address the risks associated with these technologies—such as social control, surveillance, or economic inequalities—becomes apparent. Ultimately, the convergence between artificial intelligence and human biology could mark the beginning of a new era, one that demands a profound reflection on how we want humanity to evolve in an increasingly technological world. artificial intelligence, emerging technologies, human evolution, ethics, neuralink 1552101 ISSN 1948-5468 2025-08-06T10:44:55.156Z 44 no 46 Daniele Battista University of Salerno, Italy 46 Borivoje Baltezarević The Institute for Serbian Culture Priština – Leposavić, Serbia 0000-0002-6798-6981 46 Marta Gallina Catholic University of Lille, France 46 Alessandra Petrone Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Spain 46 Massimo Santoro Corresponding author: University of Salerno, Italy application/pdf 207840 https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:8099 no yes 1 70 1552253 71A06 Journal of Sociological Research 16 1 38 50 2025