o:725 Productivity of rainfed winter wheat with direct sowing and economic efficiency of diversified fertilization in Arid region of South Kazakhstan en Abstract: Reduced soil tillage is a powerful means to mitigate soil degradation. However, in arid climates, no-till rainfed technologies often result in yield drop due to lack of soil moisture and mineral nutrition. Rainfed production of winter wheat using direct sowing and diversified fertilization in South Kazakhstan was studied in 2019–2020. Eight field-scale treatments using nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers were studied for biometric parameters of winter wheat. An economic profitability of the amendments used was assessed. The soil managed to accumulate productive moisture to support plants’ needs during formation of productive organs. Use of phosphorus fertilizer at direct sowing accelerated grain maturation, and the combination of phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer lengthened the growing season. The highest production cost of 1 tonne of grain was in the plots that did not receive any amendments, and the lowest cost was in the treatment with use of plant growth stimulants together with micronutrient fertilizer. For the first time, optimization of the soil nutritional regime with consideration of the biological and phenological demands allowed for the balance of the plant nutrition and cost efficiency of grain production with direct sowing of winter wheat in dry conditions in South Kazakhstan. direct sowing; winter wheat; phosphorus; micronutrients; growth stimulant; soil moisture 1552099 10.3390/agronomy12010111 2022-10-06T12:17:07.712Z 44 yes 46 Sagadat Turebayeva Faculty of Agrobiology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University 46 Aigul Zhapparova Faculty of Agrobiology, Kazakh National Agrarian Research University 46 Akbota Yerkin Kazakh Research Institute of Plant Protection and Quarantine 46 Khaiyrnisa Aisakulova Kazakh Research Institute of Fruit and Viticulture 46 Gainiya Yesseyeva Department of Standardization and Food Technologies, Kostanay Engineering and Economics University 46 Anuarbek Bissembayev Scientific and Production Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary 46 Elmira Saljnikov Institut za zemljište 0000-0002-6497-2066 application/pdf 280486 https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:725 no yes 16 70 92000001 71A05 Agronomy 12 2022