srp Abstract: The electrorefining process of the non-commercial Cu anodes was tested on the enlarged laboratory equipment over 72 h. Cu anodes with Ni content of 5 or 10 wt.% and total content of Pb, Sn, and Sb of about 1.5 wt.% were used for the tests. The real waste solution of sulfuric acid character was a working electrolyte of different temperatures (T1 = 63 2 C and T2 = 73 2 C). The current density of 250 A/m2 was the same as in the commercial process. Tests were confirmed that those anodes can be used in the commercial copper electrorefining process based on the fact that the elements from anodes were dissolved, the total anode passivation did not occur, and copper is deposited onto cathodes. The masses of cathode deposits confirmed that the Cu ions from the electrolyte were also deposited onto cathodes. The concentration of Cu, As, and Sb ions in the electrolyte was decreased. At the same time, the concentration of Ni ions was increased by a maximum of up to 129.27 wt.%. The major crystalline phases in the obtained anode slime, detected by the X-ray diffraction analyses, were PbSO4, Cu3As, SbAsO4, Cu2O, As2O3, PbO, SnO, and Sb2O3. Received: 15 June 2021 Accepted: 23 July 2021 Published: 26 July 2021 application/pdf 2055403 bytes info:eu-repo/semantics/article Metals(11) Marković, Radmila Krstić, Vesna Friedrich, Bernd Stopić, Srećko Stevanović, Jasmina Stevanović, Zoran Marjanović, Vesna http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:250 doi:10.3390/met11081187 cobiss:65267977 Electrorefining process of the non-commercial copper anode Keywords: electrorefining; non-commercial copper anode; waste solution; high content; Ni; Pb; Sn; Sb; passivation; anode slime 2021