
<oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/">
  <dc:subject xml:lang="eng">wastewater sampling, measurement uncertainty, microbiological analysis, ISO 19458, ANOVA</dc:subject>
  <dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode</dc:rights>
  <dc:source>Proceedings - 32nd International Conference Ecological Truth &amp; Environmental Research – EcoTER&apos;26, June 24-26, 2026, Sokobanja, Serbia</dc:source>
  <dc:source>startpage: 556</dc:source>
  <dc:source>endpage: 560</dc:source>
  <dc:description xml:lang="eng">Microbiological analysis of wastewater is strongly affected by sampling variability due to the heterogeneous distribution of microorganisms, turbulence, particulate association, and rapid biological changes within the matrix. For accredited laboratories operating under ISO/IEC 17025, it is therefore essential to quantify the contribution of sampling to overall measurement uncertainty. This study presents an ISO-compliant evaluation of wastewater sampling uncertainty for microbiological analysis based on duplicate sampling design, ANOVA statistics, and the component approach recommended by ISO 29201 Annex H. Sampling was conducted according to EN ISO 19458 using sterile techniques, with duplicate samples collected by two operators under identical conditions across different seasons (2021–2025). Each sample was analyzed in duplicate for fecal coliform bacteria using the MPN method. Measurement uncertainty components were estimated using range statistics, one-way ANOVA, and robust ANOVA approaches. The results showed relative standard uncertainties of 14.02% for analysis, 12.44–13.27% for sampling, and 15.30% for overall measurement, yielding an expanded sampling uncertainty of 26.54% (k = 2). These values are significantly lower than typical literature values for wastewater microbiology, demonstrating that strict implementation of standardized sampling protocols can effectively control variability. The presented approach provides a practical framework for ISO-compliant estimation of sampling uncertainty in microbiological wastewater monitoring. </dc:description>
  <dc:creator id="https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2157-0615">Obradović, Vesna</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator id="https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4578-8597">Lekić, Jelena</dc:creator>
  <dc:creator id="https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2045-001X">Perović, Marija</dc:creator>
  <dc:date>2026</dc:date>
  <dc:title xml:lang="eng">Measurement uncertainty of wastewater sampling for microbiological analysis using duplicate sampling and ANOVA approach</dc:title>
  <dc:identifier>https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:10152</dc:identifier>
  <dc:identifier>ISBN: 978-86-6305-171-3</dc:identifier>
  <dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceProceedings</dc:type>
  <dc:language>eng</dc:language>
  <dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
  <dc:format>2722830 bytes</dc:format>
  <dc:publisher>University of Belgrade – Technical Faculty in Bor, Bor, Serbia</dc:publisher>
</oai_dc:dc>