Abstract: Recently, the use of microbial bio-inoculants has become a commonly used agricultural practice for suppression of various insect pests and bacterial or fungal phytopathogens. To develop sustainable crop protection strategies, innovative approaches are needed that can solve more than one threat simultaneously. This review examines the potential of Bacillus strains for managing insect pests (wireworms) and phyto-pathogenic fungi belonging to the Fusarium genus, with a special focus on Agriotes lineatus and Fusarium poae. Although these insects and fungi can affect a range of crops, this study highlights their impact on cereals (wheat, barley, and oats), where their effects can cause significant economic losses. The innovative aspect of this review lies in identifying knowledge gaps in existing research, highlighting areas that require comprehensive investigation to fully realize the potential of Bacillus-based biocontrol agents against these threats. Additionally, we outlined the Bacillus spp. mechanisms of action against both wireworms and Fusarium spp., which indicates that properly selected strains could be used as bio-inoculants for dual protection of cereals. While the use of Bacillus biocontrol agents in cereal protection remains in its early stages, their dual-biocontrol potential positions them as promising tools for next-generation crop protection. info:eu-repo/semantics/review Bacillus-based biocontrol of Agriotes lineatus and Fusarium poae as underrecognized threats in cereal production Crop Protection eng https://unilib.phaidrabg.rs/o:10118 doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2026.107826 2026 Jevđenović, Galina Knežević, Magdalena Buntić, Aneta Dervišević Milenković, Marina Bacillus spp., Cereal crops, Agriotes lineatus, Fungal phyto-pathogens, Fusarium poae, Sustainable agriculture, Biocontrol All rights reserved application/pdf 276648 bytes